**Summary:** The Constitutional Court in the Democratic Republic of the Congo has validated the referendum law under conditions, drawing fierce condemnation from the opposition who views the decision as paving the way for a third presidential term.

**Key points:**
- The court's ruling includes thirteen conditions and various interpretive reserves regarding the referendum law.
- Opposition groups strongly denounce the decision, warning it gives authorization for a new presidential mandate.
- The validation leaves open the possibility for President Félix Tshisekedi to officially promulgate the legislation.

**Why it matters:** The constitutional validation of the referendum law marks a critical political flashpoint in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, potentially reshaping the nation's presidential leadership and heightening domestic political tensions.

magazine.pagesjaunes.online - RDC : la justice constitutionnelle ouvre la voie à un 3ᵉ mandat présidentiel

jeuneafrique.com - RDC : ce que veut dire la décision de la Cour constitutionnelle sur la loi référendaire

DRC Constitutional Court Validates Referendum Law Amid Third-Term Controversy

**Summary:** Algeria's People's National Assembly elected Front de Liberation Nationale deputy Khalida Boufedeche as its first female president, making her the fourth-ranking state figure.

**Key points:**
- Boufedeche secured 302 out of 366 votes in a secret ballot, defeating candidates from the Mouvement de la Societe pour la Paix and the Rassemblement pour la Culture et la Democratie.
- The Front de Liberation Nationale party won 91 of the 407 seats in the July 2 legislative elections, which saw a record low voter turnout of 21.24 percent.
- A 44-year-old clinical immunology and allergy physician, Boufedeche is the first woman to lead the lower house of parliament since its establishment.

**Why it matters:** This election marks a historic milestone for gender representation in Algerian state leadership, positioning a woman at the head of the country's lower house of parliament for the first time.

jordanzad.com - انتخاب أول امرأة لرئاسة مجلس النواب في الجزائر

jeuneafrique.com - Algérie : Khalida Boufedeche, première femme élue à la tête de l’Assemblée populaire nationale

Algeria: Khalida Boufedeche becomes first female president of People's National Assembly

**Summary:** Vietnam has introduced a new development and growth model centered on self-reliance, modern governance, and technology-driven transformation through 2045.

**Key points:**
- Head of the Central Policy and Strategy Department Nguyễn Thanh Nghị presented Resolution 19 at a national conference on July 29, 2026.
- The new strategy shifts from resource exploitation and low-cost labor toward national ocean strength, digital transformation, and green growth.
- Vietnam aims for double-digit growth by 2030 and targets becoming a high-income, modern industrialized nation by 2035.

**Why it matters:** This strategic policy shift outlines Vietnam's long-term economic restructuring to transition from a labor-intensive manufacturing model to an innovation- and knowledge-based economy.

vnexpress.net - Việt Nam đổi mới mô hình phát triển theo hướng 'tự cường, hội nhập'

vov.vn - Xác định biển là nơi hình thành những cực tăng trưởng , động lực phát triển mới

Vietnam Unveils New Development Model Focused on Self-Reliance and Technology

**Summary:** Saudi and US armed forces executed targeted strikes against Iran-backed militia groups in Iraq, citing self-defense after recent drone attacks on Saudi petroleum facilities.

**Key points:**
- Saudi Defense Ministry spokesperson Turki Al-Maliki stated the operation was based on the right to self-defense under Article 51 of the UN Charter.
- The US Central Command confirmed joint precision strikes in Iraq on July 28 targeting Iran-aligned groups directed by the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps.
- Iraqi security sources reported explosions and targeted sites in areas including Wasit and Basra provinces.

**Why it matters:** This military action marks a significant escalation involving cross-border strikes by Saudi Arabia and the United States against Iran-backed groups in Iraq in response to attacks on energy infrastructure.

jordanzad.com - السعودية تعلن تنفيذ ضربات داخل العراق بالتعاون مع الولايات المتحدة

khabaronline.ir - بیانیه وزارت دفاع عربستان در حمله به مقاومت عراق

yjc.ir - حمله مشترک آمریکا و عربستان به پایگاه‌های مقاومت در عراق

Saudi Arabia and US Carry Out Joint Strikes in Iraq

**Summary:** The US Senate voted 86-12 to advance a sanctions bill targeting Russia and Iran, featuring measures against Russian energy buyers and support for Ukraine.

**Key points:**
- The legislative initiative was originally developed by the late Republican Senator Lindsey Graham.
- The measure allows the US president to impose tariffs of up to 100% on major buyers of Russian oil and gas.
- Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy met with American senators in Washington to discuss the bill and the use of frozen Russian assets.
- Provisions regarding Iran include extending the sanctions regime against Tehran through 2031.

**Why it matters:** The proposed legislation represents a significant escalation in Western economic pressure against Russia and Iran, while providing crucial diplomatic and strategic support to Ukraine.

pravda.com.ua - Сенат США на процедурному голосуванні підтримав законопроєкт про санкції проти РФ

tsn.ua - Сенат США наблизив ухвалення "пекельних санкцій" проти Росії: як проголосували

tsn.ua - У Сенаті США готують нові санкції проти Росії: Зеленський розповів про важливий сигнал для Європи

US Senate Advances Bipartisan Sanctions Bill Targeting Russia and Iran

**Summary:** The United States Central Command stated that its forces successfully intercepted multiple ballistic missiles launched by Iran at U.S. troops in the Middle East. The surprise attack ended a brief period of calm amidst ongoing regional tensions and maritime blockades.

**Key points:**
- The United States Central Command reported that the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps launched the ballistic missiles at 5:45 p.m. Eastern Time.
- The U.S. military confirmed that all incoming projectiles were intercepted successfully, resulting in no impacts, injuries, or material damage.
- U.S. forces in the region remain on high alert and maintain a heightened state of military readiness.
- The incident follows recent U.S. naval operations that have involved blockading commercial vessels from reaching Iranian ports.

**Why it matters:** This failed missile strike escalates ongoing military hostilities between the United States and Iran, threatening recent diplomatic efforts and regional stability in the Middle East.

latercera.com - Irán lanza misiles contra fuerzas de EE.UU. en Medio Oriente

huffingtonpost.es - EEUU asegura haber frustrado un ataque sorpresa de Irán con misiles balísticos contra sus tropas

elcomercio.pe - Estados Unidos asegura haber frustrado un ataque sorpresa lanzado por Irán con misiles balísticos

U.S. Intercepts Ballistic Missiles Launched by Iran in the Middle East

**Summary:** Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan and Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi met in Ankara to discuss energy cooperation, with Turkey aiming to sign a comprehensive deal and Iraq offering 1 million barrels of oil.

**Key points:**
- Turkish Trade Minister Omer Bolat stated that Ankara and Baghdad aim to increase bilateral trade to $30 billion over the medium term.
- The two leaders discussed operating the Kirkuk-Ceyhan crude oil pipeline and potential operations by Turkey's state-owned TPAO in Kirkuk oil fields.
- Ankara and Baghdad also signed three new agreements covering education, youth and sports, and industrial property.

**Why it matters:** The high-level talks and proposed energy agreements mark a significant strengthening of economic, trade, and strategic ties between Turkey and Iraq.

shorouknews.com - تركيا والعراق تستهدفان رفع التبادل التجاري إلى 30 مليار دولار

cyprus-mail.com - Erdogan says Turkey aims to sign energy cooperation deal with Iraq

star.com.tr - Türkiye'ye öncelik verdiler! Hedefleri tam 30 milyar dolar

star.com.tr - Türkiye ile Irak arasında yeni dönem! 3 anlaşma için imzalar atıldı

mynet.com - Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan 'tarihi adım' olarak niteledi! Irak'la günde 1 milyon varil petrol anlaşması

Turkey and Iraq Target $30B Trade and Discuss Energy Cooperation

**Summary:** Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum rejected Argentine President Javier Milei's allegations that her government financed an anti-Argentine campaign during the 2026 World Cup, calling the claims false.

**Key points:**
- Javier Milei claimed that 25% of the resources for the alleged anti-Argentine campaign came from the Brazilian government, with additional funding from Mexico and the U.S. Democratic Party.
- Claudia Sheinbaum emphasized that Mexico's foreign policy is guided by principles of non-intervention and self-determination.
- Sheinbaum stated that her own administration faces orchestrated campaigns from various sources but avoids interfering with other nations.

**Why it matters:** The exchange highlights ongoing diplomatic friction and differing political perspectives between Latin American leaders following international events.

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